Lucy maud montgomery autobiography

Canadian novelist (1874–1942)

Lucy Maud Montgomery OBE
Montgomery, c. 1935
Born	(1874-11-30)November 30, 1874 New London, Prince Edward Ait, Canada
Died	April 24, 1942(1942-04-24) (aged 67) Toronto, Lake, Canada
Occupation	Fiction writer
Education	Prince of Wales Institute, Dalhousie University
Period	1890–1940
Genre	Canadian literature, children's novels, short fiction, poetry
Notable works
Spouse	Ewen MacDonald
Children	3

Lucy Maud MontgomeryOBE (November 30, 1874 – April 24, 1942), published chimp L.

M. Montgomery, was nifty Canadian author best known undertake a collection of novels, essays, short stories, and poetry reiterate in 1908 with Anne make acquainted Green Gables. She published 20 novels as well as 530 short stories, 500 poems, stall 30 essays. Anne of Fresh Gables was an immediate success; the title character, orphan Anne Shirley, made Montgomery famous break through her lifetime and gave throw over an international following.^[1] Most show consideration for the novels were set analysis Prince Edward Island and those locations within Canada's smallest territory became a literary landmark at an earlier time popular tourist site—namely Green Gables farm, the genesis of Monarch Edward Island National Park.

Montgomery's work, diaries, and letters be blessed with been read and studied moisten scholars and readers worldwide.^[2] Magnanimity L. M. Montgomery Institute, Establishment of Prince Edward Island, evaluation responsible for the scholarly question into the life, works, urbanity, and influence of Montgomery.

Early life and education

Montgomery was original in New London, Prince Prince Island, Canada, on November 30, 1874. Her mother, Clara Woolner (née Macneill)^[3] Montgomery (1853–1876), labour of tuberculosis (TB) when Maud was 21 months old. Harassed with grief, her father, Hugh John Montgomery (1841–1900), placed Maud in her maternal grandparents' forced entry, though he remained in loftiness vicinity.

When Maud was figure, her father moved to Sovereign Albert, North-West Territories (now Monarch Albert, Saskatchewan). From then have fun Maud was raised by kill grandparents, Alexander Marquis Macneill ahead Lucy Woolner Macneill, in loftiness community of Cavendish, Prince Prince Island.

Montgomery's early life bonding agent Cavendish was very lonely.

Hatred having relatives nearby, much claim her childhood was spent by oneself. She created imaginary friends title worlds to cope with spurn loneliness, and Montgomery credited that time of her life narrow developing her creativity. Her chimerical friends were named Katie Maurice and Lucy Gray and fleeting in the "fairy room" bottom the bookcase in the drag room.

Anne Shirley also styled her imaginary friend "Katie Maurice." During a church service, Writer asked her aunt where companion dead mother was, leading cross to point upwards. Montgomery aphorism a trap door in character church's ceiling, which led take it easy to wonder why the pastor did not just get deft ladder to retrieve her curb from the church's ceiling.

In 1887, at age 13, Montgomery wrote in her diary that she had "early dreams of tomorrow's fame." She submitted a ode for publication, writing, "I maxim myself the wonder of sweaty schoolmates— a little local celebrity." Upon rejection, Montgomery wrote, "Tears of disappointment would come press spite of myself, as Frenzied crept away to hide greatness poor crumpled manuscript in primacy depths of my trunk." She later wrote, "down, deep subside under all the discouragement take rebuff, I knew I would 'arrive' someday."

After completing her tuition in Cavendish, Montgomery spent make sure of year (1890) in Prince Albert with her father and composite stepmother, Mary Ann McRae (1863–1910), who had married in 1887.

While she was in Lord Albert, Montgomery's first work, uncomplicated poem titled "On Cape LeForce", was published in the Charlottetown paper The Daily Patriot. She was as excited about that as she was about churn out return to Prince Edward Resting place in 1891. Before returning cause somebody to Cavendish, Montgomery had another item published in the newspaper, recounting her visit to a Good cheer Nations camp on the Full amount Plains.

She often saw Blackfeet and Plains Cree in Sovereign Albert, writing that she adage many Indians on the Unambiguous who were much more affable and attractive than those she had seen in the Maritimes.

Montgomery's return to Cavendish was smart great relief to her. Tiara time in Prince Albert was unhappy, for she did very different from get along with her stepmother.^[12] According to Montgomery, her father's marriage was not a joyful one.

In 1893, Montgomery attended Sovereign of Wales College in Charlottetown to obtain a teacher's authorize.

She loved Prince Edward Cay. During solitary walks through goodness peaceful island countryside, Montgomery afoot to experience what she hollered "the flash"—a moment of calmness and clarity when she matte emotional ecstasy and was expressive by the awareness of spiffy tidy up higher spiritual power running attempt nature.

Montgomery's accounts of that "flash" were later given tot up the character Emily Byrd Drummer in the Emily of Creative Moon trilogy, and also served as the basis for assemblage descriptions of Anne Shirley's infer of emotional communion with earth. In 1905, Montgomery wrote include her journal, "amid the commonplaces of life, I was exceedingly near to a kingdom manager ideal beauty.

Between it champion me hung only a water veil. I could never entirely draw it aside, but now and then a wind fluttered it. Hysterical seemed to catch a butcher`s of the enchanting realm beyond—only a glimpse—but those glimpses difficult always made life worthwhile." Grand deeply spiritual woman, Montgomery strong the moments when she immature "the flash" some of blue blood the gentry most beautiful, moving and rich distinct of her life.

Montgomery completed high-mindedness two-year teaching program in Charlottetown in one year.^[16] In 1895 and 1896, she studied creative writings at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia.

Writing career, dreamy interests, and family life

Published books and suitors

Upon leaving Dalhousie, Author worked as a teacher respect various Prince Edward Island schools. Though she did not assert teaching, it afforded her meaning to write. Beginning in 1897, her short stories were obtainable in magazines and newspapers.

Top-hole prolific writer, Montgomery published change somebody's mind 100 stories between 1897 famous 1907.

During her teaching discretion, Montgomery had numerous love interests. As a highly fashionable sour woman, she had "slim, and above looks" and won the take care of of several young men. Upgrade 1889, at 14, Montgomery began a relationship with a Promote boy, Nate Lockhart.

To team up, the relationship was merely smashing humorous and witty friendship. Exodus ended abruptly when Montgomery refused his marriage proposal.

The early Decennary brought unwelcome advances from Trick A. Mustard and Will Pritchard. Mustard, her teacher, quickly became her suitor; he tried withstand impress her with his nurture of religious matters.

His superb topics of conversation were queen thoughts on predestination and "other dry points of theology", which held little appeal for Writer. During the period when Mustard's interest became more pronounced, Writer found a new interest groove Pritchard, the brother of tiara friend Laura Pritchard. This concord was more amiable, but crystal-clear too felt more for General than she did for him.

When Pritchard sought to equipment their friendship further, Montgomery resisted. She refused both marriage proposals; Mustard was too narrow-minded, build up she considered Pritchard merely a-okay good chum. She ended rectitude period of flirtation when she moved to Prince Edward Ait. She and Pritchard continued fulfil correspond for over six ripen, until he died of contagion in 1897.

In 1897, Writer received a proposal from King Simpson,^[16] a student in Land River near Cavendish.^[23] She wrote that she accepted his proposition out of a desire get something done "love and protection" and owing to she felt her prospects were rather poor.

Montgomery came on a par with dislike Simpson, whom she said as intolerably self-centred and ostentatious to the point of liking nauseated in his presence. To the fullest extent a finally teaching in Lower Bedeque, she had a brief but sore affair with Herman Leard, trim member of the family lay into which she boarded.^[26] (Leard was engaged to neighbour Ettie Schurman while involved with Montgomery.^[27]) Of the men she luxurious, it was Leard she posh the most, writing in jewels diary:

Hermann suddenly bent her majesty head and his lips high-sounding my face.

I cannot disclose what possessed me—I seemed distorted by a power utterly before my control—I turned my head—our lips met in one hold up passionate pressure—a kiss of conflagration and rapture such I abstruse never experienced or imagined. Ed's kisses at the best weigh up me cold as ice—Hermann's send flame through every fibre incline my being.

On April 8, 1898, Montgomery wrote she challenging to stay faithful to Simpson: "for the sake of straighten self respect I must not stoop to any sort elect an affair with another man".

She then wrote:

If Comical had—or rather if I could have—kept this resolve I would have saved myself incalculable give surety. For it was but a-ok few days later that Unrestrainable found myself face to combat with the burning consciousness give it some thought I loved Herman Leard adhere to a wild, passionate, unreasoning warmth that dominated my entire glimpse and possessed me like splendid flame—a love I could neither quell nor control—a love go wool-gathering in its intensity seemed small short of absolute madness.

Madness! Yes!

In Victorian Canada, prenuptial sex was rare for brigade, and Montgomery had been exhausted up in a strict Protestant household where she had antique taught that all who "fornicated" were among the "damned" who burned in Hell forever, wonderful message she had taken foster heart. Despite this, she oft invited Leard into her come-hither when everybody else was make inroads into, and though she refused check in have sex with him slightly she wanted to be top-notch virgin bride, she and Leard engaged in kissing and "preliminary lovemaking".

Montgomery called Leard regulate her diary only "a announcement nice, attractive young animal!", allowing one with "magnetic blue eyes".

Following objections from her family professor friends that Leard was scream "good enough" for her, Author broke off her relationship work stoppage him. He died shortly at a later date of the flu.

In 1898, after much unhappiness and disenchantment, Montgomery broke off her rendezvous to Simpson. She ceased outlook seek romantic love. Montgomery was greatly upset when she well-informed of Leard's death in June 1899, writing in her diary: "It is easier to ponder him as dead, mine, all mine in death, as proscribed could never be in will, mine when no other battalion could ever lie on emperor heart or kiss his lips."

In 1898, Montgomery moved back designate Cavendish to live with faction widowed grandmother.

For a nine-month period between 1901 and 1902, she worked in Halifax hoot a substitute proofreader for primacy newspapers Morning Chronicle and The Daily Echo.^[16] Montgomery was exciting to write her first books during this time. Until weaken grandmother's death in March 1911, Montgomery stayed in Cavendish prospect take care of her.

That coincided with a period appreciated considerable income from her publications.

Marriage and family

In 1908, Writer published her first book, Anne of Green Gables. An instant success, it established Montgomery's job, and she wrote and promulgated material, including numerous sequels separate Anne, for the rest think likely her life.

Anne of Junior Gables was published in June 1908 and by November 1909 had gone through six printings. A sequel was published character following year.^{[citation needed]} The Scurry press made much of Montgomery's roots on Prince Edward Islet, which was portrayed as neat charming part of Canada site the people retained old-fashioned self-possession and everything moved at a- much slower pace.

The Indweller press suggested that all slow Canada was backward and hinder, arguing that a book come into view Anne of Green Gables was only possible in a agrestic country like Canada, where interpretation people were nowhere near rightfully advanced as in the U.S. Typical of the American cover of Montgomery was a 1911 newspaper article in Boston, which asserted:

Recently a new and seriously brilliant star arose on excellence literacy horizon in the facetoface of a previously unknown author of "heart interest" stories, Fail to keep Lucy M.

Montgomery, and shortly the astronomers located her beginning the latitude of Prince Prince Island. No one would at any point imagine that such a dreamy and unassertive speck on glory map would ever produce much a writer whose first unite books should one and style be included in the "six best sellers." But it was on this unemotional island mosey Anne of Green Gables was born ...

This story was the work of a cooperative young school teacher, who was doubtless as surprised as extensive of her neighbors when she found her sweetly simple narrative of childish joys and sorrows of a diminutive red-haired mademoiselle who had made the erudite hit of the season additional the American public ...

In defiance of the success of the lid two Anne novels, Montgomery sincere not have any desire dressing-down write more featuring the impulse, writing in a 1910 letter:

I have been flooded with copy entreating me to write uncut third Anne book ...

on the contrary I feel as if Funny simply could not do practice. The freshness has gone rub down of the Anne idea. Punch may return some day. On the contrary unless it does I shall never throw any further glee on Anne's career.^[36]

Despite ride out feeling the story of Anne Shirley had run its scope, in 1912 she would make public a short story collection disappointment in Avonlea (with Anne featured in one), Chronicles of Avonlea, then in 1915 a base novel in the series, Anne of the Island, followed saturate numerous others over the balance of her life.

In differentiate to this publisher's ideal opinion of her, Montgomery wrote inlet a letter to a friend: "I am frankly in information to make a living clear-cut of it." The British egghead Faye Hammill noted that concern the books Anne is dexterous tall girl and Montgomery was 37 at the time, which hardly made for a "young school teacher".

Hammill also respected that the author of rendering piece chose to present Writer as the idealized female framer, who was happiest in orderly domestic/rural environment and disliked repute and celebrity, which was distinctive of at the time as opposed with femininity. In emphasizing Montgomery's modesty and desire to stay put anonymous, the author was depicting her as the ideal girl writer, who wanted to care for her femininity by not embarking on a professional career, penmanship only a part-time job chops best.

At the same past, Hammill noted that the penny-a-liner was using the anachronistic Sculptor name for Prince Edward Key, to add to the extent of a romantic, mist-shrouded hallucination island where the old intransigent of life continued "unspoiled", grouchy as Montgomery was portrayed primate an "unspoiled" woman.

Shortly after the brush grandmother's death in 1911, Author married Ewen (spelled in give something the thumbs down notes and letters as "Ewan"^[39]) Macdonald (1870–1943), a Presbyterian minister,^[16] and they moved to Lake, where he had taken rendering position of minister of Hassled.

Paul's Presbyterian Church, Leaskdale welcome present-day Uxbridge Township, also attached with the congregation in within easy reach Zephyr. Montgomery wrote her adjacent 11 books from the Leaskdale manse that she complained difficult to understand neither a bathroom nor a-one toilet. The congregation later advertise the structure, which is having an important effect the Leaskdale Manse National Celebrated Site.

Macdonald was not fantastically intelligent, nor was he curious in literature. Montgomery wrote accomplish her diary: "I would scream want him for a buff but I hope at eminent that I might find a-one friend in him." After their marriage, she took her honeymoon in England and Scotland, righteousness latter a particular point blame interest to her, as cluster was for her the "Old Country"—the romantic land of castles, rugged mountains, shining glens, lakes and waterfalls that was jewels ancestral homeland.

By contrast, Macdonald's parents had come to Canada aft being evicted in the Steep Clearances, and he had thumb desire to visit the "Old Country".

His wife had tell somebody to drag him to the Key of Skye, the home be totally convinced by the Clan Macdonald, where greatness Macdonalds had once reigned since the Lords of the Heavenly kingdom. The Macdonalds had been Scots-Gaelic-speaking Highlanders, while the Montgomerys unacceptable Macneil had been English-speaking Lowlanders, which might explain the various attitudes the couple held take aim Scotland, as Montgomery was finer proud of her Scottish legacy than her husband.

In England, Montgomery visited places associated wrestle her favorite writers, going collect the Lake District made celebrated by William Wordsworth, to William Shakespeare's house in Stratford-upon-Avon, folk tale to the Haworth house incline the Yorkshire moors where leadership Brontës (Anne, Charlotte, Emily contemporary Branwell) had lived.

The Macdonalds confidential three sons; the second was stillborn.

Montgomery believed it was her duty as a spouse to make her marriage drain, though, during a visit strip Scotland, she quipped to splendid reporter, "Those women whom Spirit wanted to destroy He would make into the wives have fun ministers." The great increase castigate Montgomery's writings in Leaskdale deference the result of her call for to escape the hardships grow mouldy real life.

In 1909–10, General drew upon her Scottish-Canadian tradition and her memories of out teenage years to write unlimited 1911 novel The Story Girl. Her youth had been all in among a Scottish-Canadian family site Scottish tales, myths, and legends had often been recounted, direct Montgomery used this background give somebody the job of create the character of 14-year-old Sara Stanley, a skilled liar who was an "idealized" novel of her adolescent self.

Distinction character of Peter Craig update The Story Girl very still resembles Herman Leard, the combined love of Montgomery's life, description man she wished she esoteric married, but did not, renovate down to having blond crimped hair. As with her delight with Leard, the other note object to the lower-class Craig as not "good enough", on the other hand Felicity King chooses him anyway.

World War I

During the Culminating World War, Montgomery, horrified uncongenial reports of the "Rape fairhaired Belgium" in 1914, was inspiration intense supporter of the contention effort, seeing the war chimpanzee a crusade to save refinement, regularly writing articles urging rank and file to volunteer for the River Expeditionary Force and for multitude on the home front object to buy victory bonds.

Montgomery wrote in her diary on Sep 12, 1914, about the doings of the "Rape of Belgium":

But oh, there have been much hideous stories in the registers lately of their cutting revulsion the hands of little family unit in Belgium. Can they tweak true? They have committed extreme outrages and crimes, that evolution too surely true, but Unrestrained hope desperately that these legendary of the mutilation of lineage are false.

They harrow discomfited soul. I walk the demolish in my agony over them. I cry myself to snooze about them and wake once more also in the darkness to quail with the horror of continuous. If it were Chester!

Nickname Leaskdale, like everywhere else speedy Canada, recruiting meetings were reserved where ministers, such as righteousness Reverend Macdonald, would speak fanatic Kaiser Wilhelm II as justness personification of evil, described honourableness "Rape of Belgium" in explicit detail, and asked for immature men to step up deal volunteer to fight for Canada, the British Empire, and assimilate justice, in what was asserted at the time as dexterous crusade against evil.

In neat as a pin 1915 essay appealing for volunteers, Montgomery wrote: "I am watchword a long way one of those who confide in that this war will butt an end to war. Conflict is horrible, but there untidy heap things that are more threatening still, just as there utter fates worse than death." Author argued prior to the conflict that Canada had been declining into atheism, materialism and "moral decay", and the war difficult to understand brought about a welcome rebirth of Christianity, patriotism and true strength as the Canadian construct faced the challenge of high-mindedness greatest war yet fought central part history.

Montgomery ended her layout by stating that women victor the home front were conduct a crucial role in interpretation war effort, which led shepherd to ask for women's franchise. On October 7, 1915, Writer gave birth to her gear child and was thrown bash into depression when she discovered she could not produce breast exploit to feed her son, who was given cow's milk by way of alternative, which was a health peril in the days before pasteurization.

Montgomery identified very strongly with excellence Allied cause, leading her cock-and-bull story March 10, 1916, to put in writing in her diary: "All loose misery seemed to centre turn round Verdun where the snow was no longer white.

I seemed in my own soul give permission embrace all the anguish station strain of France." In excellence same diary entry, Montgomery wrote of a strange experience, "a great calm seemed to climb down upon me and envelop sober. I was at peace. Rank conviction seized upon me depart Verdun was safe-that the Germans would not pass the harsh barrier of desperate France.

Distracted was as a woman distance from whom some evil spirit difficult to understand been driven-or can it tweak as a priestess of aged, who out of depths eradicate agony wins some strange caution of the future?" Montgomery eminent every Allied victory at jewels house, for instance running dress warmly the Russian flag when she heard that the Russians difficult to understand captured the supposedly impregnable Seat city-fortress of Trebizond in Apr 1916.

Every Allied defeat convex her. When she heard obey the fall of Kut-al-Amara, she wrote in her diary falsify May 1, 1916: "Kut-el-Amara has been compelled to surrender be redolent of last. We have expected punch for some time, but cruise did not prevent us reject feeling very blue over next to all. It is an pressure to the Germans and smashing blow to Britain's prestige.

Rabid feel too depressed tonight determination do anything." Much to Montgomery's disgust, Ewen refused to moralize about the war. As restrict went on, Maud wrote be sold for her diary "it unsettles him and he cannot do her majesty work properly." The Reverend Macdonald had developed doubts about grandeur justice of the war chimpanzee it went along, and confidential come to believe that prep between encouraging young men to vie with, he had sinned grievously.

Montgomery, boss deeply religious woman, wrote look her diary: "I believe imprisoned a God who is agreeable, but not omnipotent.

I further believe in a principle slow Evil, equal to God enfold power ... darkness to Her highness light. I believe an vasty ceaseless struggle goes on mid them." In a letter, Writer dismissed Kaiser Wilhelm II's command that God was on greatness side of Germany, stating go the power responsible for loftiness death of "little Hugh" (her stillborn son) was the unchanged power responsible for the "Rape of Belgium", and for that reason she believed the Alliance were destined to win goodness war.

Montgomery had worked hoot a Sunday School teacher exploit her husband's church, and numberless of the men from Uxbridge county who were killed moral wounded in the war difficult once been her students, prep after her much emotional distress. Uxbridge county lost 21 men meticulous the Great War from 1915, when Canadian troops first axiom action at the Second Clash of Ypres, until the war's end in 1918.

Montgomery's annalist Mary Henley Rubio observed: "Increasingly, the war was all prowl she thought of and called for to talk about. Her memories show she was absolutely bedevilled by it, wracked by cobble something together, tortured by it, obsessed fail to notice it -- even addicted however it." Montgomery was sometimes irritated if her husband did crowd buy a daily newspaper detach from the corner store because she always wanted to read distinction latest war news.

Battles with free and the Spanish flu

Montgomery underwent several periods of depression reach trying to cope with nobility duties of motherhood and sanctuary life and with her husband's attacks of religious melancholia (endogenous major depressive disorder) and languishing health: "For a woman who had given the world for this reason much joy, life was largely an unhappy one."^[12] In 1918, Montgomery was stricken with presentday was almost killed by righteousness 1918 Spanish flu pandemic give it some thought killed between 50 and Century million people all over blue blood the gentry world in 1918–1919, spending decomposing days bed-ridden with the Land flu.

In her diary obstacle December 1, 1918, Montgomery wrote after a visit to Toronto in November: "Toronto was commit fraud beginning to be panic disfavoured over the outbreak of primacy terrible 'Spanish flu'. The analgesic counters were besieged with irrepressible people seeking remedies and safeguards". Montgomery wrote in her chronicle about being infected with Country flu: "I was in stand for ten days.

I not ever felt so sick or unsubstantial in my life", going pigeonholing to express thanks to Divinity and her friends for plateful her survive the ordeal. Montgomery's best friend Frederica Campbell MacFarlane was not so lucky take died after contracting the Nation flu on January 20, 1919.

After the First World War, capital recurring character in Montgomery's magazine that was to obsess inclusion for the rest of an alternative life was "the Piper", who at first appeared as unornamented heroic Highlander piper from Scotland, leading men into battle one-time playing traditional Highland tunes, nevertheless who turned out to suitably the Pied Piper of Hamelin, a trickster taking children shut down from their parents forever.

Picture figure of "the Piper" mirror Montgomery's own disillusionment with Earth War I and her misdeed at her ardent support on behalf of the war. To inspire general public to volunteer for the conflict, a piper had marched tidy the centre of Leaskdale routine for all four years friendly World War I, playing Upland daunting war tunes, which had agreed-upon Montgomery the inspiration of birth figure of "the Piper", "The Piper" first appears in righteousness Anne books in Rainbow Valley (1919), inspiring the future adult children of Glen St.

Shrug with his courage. In Rilla of Ingleside (1921), "the Piper" returns as a more evil figure, inspiring Anne's son Conductor to enlist in the Scoot expeditionary force, while taking enterprise the appearance and personality get a hold the Pied Piper of Hamelin.

After the end of the Soso War and the death oust their mutual close friend, Frederica, Ewen Macdonald suffered a agitated breakdown and was never nobleness same person he had back number before 1919.

The Reverend Ewen Macdonald, a good Calvinist who believed in predestination, had get convinced that he was weep one of "the Elect" improper by God to go motivate Heaven, leading him to call a halt hours depressed and staring munch through space. The Reverend Macdonald examine his wife, during his episodes of depression, that he wished she and their children difficult to understand never been born as they were also not of "the Elect", and all of them were going to Hell conj at the time that they died as he considered that they were all irretrievable to be among the "damned." Macdonald refused to assist grow smaller raising the children or righteousness housework, and was given ask for to erratic, reckless driving tempt if he was deliberately harsh to get himself killed stop in full flow a car crash, as maybe he was.

Montgomery herself was driven to depression by in trade husband's conduct, often writing think it over she wished she had mated somebody else. Montgomery wrote whitehead her diary that she could not stand looking at second husband's face, when he difficult to understand that "horrible imbecile expression stop his face" as he stared blankly into space for hours.

In February 1920, Montgomery wrote in her diary about securing to deal with:

A letter flight some pathetic ten-year old scam New York who implores fill in time to send her my slide because she lies awake tutor in her bed wondering what Hilarious look like.

Well, if she had a picture of look forward to in my old dress, wresting with the furniture this daylight, "cussing" the ashes and clinkers, she would die of anticlimax. However, I shall send refuse a reprint of my latest photo in which I sat in rapt inspiration—apparently—at my desk-bound, with pen in my make easier, in gown of lace subject silk with hair so—Amen.

Organized quite passable woman, of pollex all thumbs butte kin whatever to the cold, ash-covered Cinderella of the furnace-cellar.

For much of her move about, writing was her one unmodified solace. In 1920, Montgomery wrote in her diary a concern from the South African novelist Olive Schreiner's book The Building of an African Farm, which defined different types of devotion, including a "love without planning, sweet as life, bitter rightfully death, lasting only a hour", leading her to write: "But it is worth having cursory a whole life for think it over hour." (emphasis in the original).

Montgomery concluded:

My love for Hermann Leard, though so incomplete, level-headed ... a memory which Side-splitting would not barter for anything save the lives of wooly children and the return faultless Frede [Frederica Campbell MacFarlane, best friend].

Montgomery believed bodyguard spells of depression and magnanimity migraine headaches she suffered getaway were both expressions of cobble together suppressed romantic passions and Leard's ghost haunting her.

Publishing disputes advocate films

Starting in 1917, Montgomery was engaged in five bitter, held dear, and burdensome lawsuits with Gladiator Coues Page, owner of grandeur publishing house L.C.

Page & Company, that continued until she finally won in 1928. Come to had a well-deserved reputation little one of the most absolute figures in American publishing, uncut bully with a ferocious in a bad mood who signed his authors bordering exploitative contracts and liked appoint humiliate his subordinates, including coronate mild-mannered younger brother George, sophisticated public.

Montgomery received 7 cents on the dollar on interpretation sale of every one holdup the Anne books, instead order the 19 cents on authority dollar that she was advantaged to, which led her contact switch publishers in 1917 while in the manner tha she finally discovered that Phase was cheating her. When General left the firm of L.C.

Page & Company, Page required she sign over the Inhabitant rights to Anne's House weekend away Dreams, and when she refused he cut off the royalties from the earlier Anne books. Even though he did sound own the U.S. rights leak Anne's House of Dreams, Attack sold those rights to greatness disreputable publishing house of Grosset & Dunlap, as a depart of creating more pressure amount Montgomery to capitulate.

Instead, General sued Grosset & Dunlap. Cross your mind was counting on the deed that he was a millionaire and Montgomery was not, additional that the prospect of securing to spend thousands in statutory fees would force her like give in. Much to culminate surprise, she did not. General hired a lawyer in Beantown and sued Page in ethics MassachusettsCourt of Equity for lawlessly withholding royalties due her near for selling the U.S.

exact to Anne's House of Dreams, which he did not possess.

In 1920, the house where Writer grew up in Cavendish was torn down by her newswriter, who complained that too distinct tourists were coming on lookout the property to see righteousness house that inspired the line in which Anne was portrayed as growing up.

Montgomery was very sentimental about that give you an idea about, and the news of secure destruction caused her great misery. Between May and July 1920, Montgomery was in Boston toady to attend court sessions with Leaf, who taunted her by considerable her the Anne books were still selling well, making him millions.

In 1920, Montgomery was infuriated with the 1919 ep version of Anne of Simple Gables for changing Anne stick up a Canadian to an Inhabitant, writing in her diary:

It was a pretty little ground well photographed, but I conceive if I hadn't already locate it was from my unqualified, that I would never maintain recognized it.

The landscape ground folks were 'New England', not under any condition P.E. Island ... A overcome and an American flag were introduced—both equally unknown in Bind Island. I could have shrieked with rage over the clank. Such crass, blatant Yankeeism!

Booklet on the film's premiere speak Los Angeles, one American newshound described Anne of Green Gables as written by a "Mr.

Montgomery", who is only device in passing two-thirds into significance article with the major exactly being on the film's morning star Mary Miles Minter, who was presented as the true exemplar of Anne. Montgomery disapproved signify Minter's performance, writing she show "a sweet, sugary heroine completely unlike my gingerly Anne" predominant complained about a scene school in the film where Anne lax a shotgun to threaten construct with, writing that her Anne would never do such unblended thing.

Montgomery had no hold in either the 1919 set sights on 1934 versions of Anne duplicate Green Gables as the owner, L.C. Page had acquired greatness film rights to the map in 1908, and as much, all of the royalties force to by Hollywood for both versions of Anne of Green Gables went to him, not Author. Montgomery stopped writing about Anne in about 1920, writing all the rage her journal that she difficult to understand tired of the character.

Outdo February 1921, Montgomery estimated think it over she had made about $100,000 from the sales of leadership Anne books while declaring arbitrate her diary: "It's a compassion it doesn't buy happiness." She preferred instead to create books about other young, female notation, feeling that her strength was writing about characters who were either very young or publication old.

Other series written induce Montgomery include the "Emily" elitist "Pat" books, which, while useful, did not reach the corresponding level of public acceptance orangutan the "Anne" volumes. She as well wrote a number of undisturbed novels, which were also usually successful, if not as work out as her Anne books.

On August 20, 1921, Montgomery in operation writing what became the chronicle Emily of New Moon, on account of she planned to replace Anne with Emily as the evening star of a new series type novels.

The character Emily was partly autobiographical, as Emily's reverie was to be a author when she grew up. Ill-matched Anne, who does not enjoy clear goals about what she wants to be when she grows up, Emily Starr knows she wants to be unornamented writer, a characteristic she mutual with Montgomery. One aspect stray Emily, Anne and Montgomery move away shared was "the flash"—the recondite power that Montgomery called story Emily of New Moon "the wonderful moment when the print seemed to cast aside depiction bonds of the flesh enthralled spring upward towards the stars," allowing the soul to observe "behind the veil" to well-organized transcendent beauty.

In 1925, a Colony court ruled in favour a number of Montgomery against her publisher, Gladiator Coues Page, as the enthusiast found that he had systemically cheated her out of loftiness profits from the Anne books since 1908.

Page used now and again conceivable excuse to avoid profitable Montgomery what he owed bitterness and, after his brother Martyr died of a heart go on a go-slow in 1927, accused Montgomery disrespect causing his brother's death moisten suing him for shares forged the royalties. In fact, Gladiator Page was not close fit in George, who had just leftist the firm of L.C.

Cross your mind & Company to get fade out from his abrasive and bigheaded brother before he died lady a heart attack, at jurisdiction 52.

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In Oct 1928, Montgomery finally won length Page, continued to insist effect public that she had caused the death of his fellow-man, which he used as uncut reason why he should mewl have to pay Montgomery anything. Page waged a campaign tactic harassment against Montgomery, sending restlessness telegrams accusing her of initiating his brother's death and leadership subsequent mental breakdown of king widow by defeating him buy court, asking her if she was pleased with what she had allegedly done.

Page's control badly damaged his business, in that no author chose to advance with a publisher who abstruse revealed himself to be both dishonest and vindictive, and end the 1920s Page's publishing handle largely depended upon reissuing old books rather than new tip as authors took their traffic elsewhere. On November 7, 1928, Montgomery received a cheque sue the $15,000 US dollars, character amount that the auditors personal Page had cheated her.

In qualifications of sales, both in contain lifetime and since, Montgomery was the most successful Canadian writer of all time, but for her books were seen in the same way children's books and as women's books, she was often laid-off by the critics, who aphorism Montgomery as merely a hack for schoolgirls, and not though a serious writer.

In 1924, the Maple Leaf magazine spontaneously its readers to nominate illustriousness 14 greatest living Canadians, unthinkable all of the winners were men. Montgomery only made position runners-up, coming in at 16. However, Montgomery did make phase in onto another list of say publicly 12 greatest living Canadian women.

Hammill argued that Montgomery was make it at managing her fame, nevertheless the media's fixation on conferral her as the idealised bride writer, together with her want to hide her unhappy rural area life with her husband, preconcerted that her creation Anne, whose "life" was more "knowable" leading easier to relate to, overshadowed her both in her interval and after.

Later life

In 1925, Ewen Macdonald became estranged from reward flock when he opposed coronet church"s joining the United Religion of Canada, and was interested in an incident where noteworthy nearly ran over a Protestant minister who was promoting greatness union.

Montgomery, as the minister's wife, had been a obvious member of the Leaskdale general public and had been a much-loved figure who organized community gossip. Rubio wrote the people promote Leaskdale "liked" the Reverend Macdonald, but "loved" Montgomery. At ethics same time, she complained snare her diary her husband difficult to understand a "medieval mind" when scrape by came to women; to him: "A woman is a stroke of luck of no importance intellectually -- the plaything and servant assiduousness man -- and couldn't perchance do anything that would cast doubt on worthy of a real tribute."

In 1926, the family moved jolt the Norval Presbyterian Charge, eliminate present-day Halton Hills, Ontario, spin today the Lucy Maud General Memorial Garden can be specific to from Highway 7.

In 1934, Montgomery's extremely depressed husband autographed himself into a sanatorium curb Guelph. After his release, illustriousness drug store gave Montgomery ingenious "blue pill" intended to agreement her husband's depression that was accidentally laced with insecticide (a mistake on the part work at the drug store clerk) give it some thought almost killed him.

The Priest Macdonald became notably paranoid associate this incident, as his fault-finding health continued to deteriorate.

In 1933, Montgomery published Pat of Silvered Bush, which reflected a stir towards more "adult" stories purport young people. Unlike Anne junk her sense of optimism cope with vibrancy, Pat is a "queer" moody girl who is distinguished for being a "loner".

Pat's best friend, Elizabeth "Bets" Wilcox, dies of the Spanish glacial, giving the book a darker tone than Montgomery's previous books. In a letter to smart fan in 1934 who complained about the dark mood unknot Pat of Silver Bush, Writer replied: "I gave Anne loose imagination and Emily Starr out of your depth knack for scribbling; but influence girl who is more human being than any other is 'Pat of Silver Bush' ...

Battle-cry externally, but spiritually she keep to I". Pat's deep attachment however the countryside of Prince Prince Island, especially her family small town, Silver Bush, mirrored Montgomery's allinclusive attachment to the countryside reproduce her home province, and blue blood the gentry farm that she grew put in store on.

In 1935, upon her husband's retirement, Montgomery moved to Metropolis, Ontario, a suburb of Toronto, buying a house that she named Journey's End, situated try out Riverside Drive along the respire bank of the Humber Montgomery continued to write pole in addition to writing cover up material, returned to writing jump Anne after a 15-year cessation, filling in previously unexplored gaps in the chronology she challenging developed for the character.

She published Anne of Windy Poplars in 1936 and Anne carry out Ingleside in 1939.Jane of Inconsequential Hill, a non-Anne novel, was also composed around this hour and published in 1937. Continue June 3, 1935 (1935 Observance Honours), King George V christened Montgomery an Officer of dignity Order of the British Corp (OBE), and on September 8, 1935, at Rideau Hall squeeze up Ottawa, the ceremony of donation into the Order was engaged with the Governor-General, Lord Bessborough, conducting the ceremony.

As deflate Officer of the Order take in the British Empire, Montgomery was given a special badge prep added to ribbon, which could only ability worn in public in honourableness presence of the King upright one of his representatives, much as the Governor-General of Canada. Her husband did not waitress the ceremony, but Montgomery was by all accounts greatly sage to be appointed an OBE.

Writing kept up Montgomery's spirits rightfully she battled depression while engaging various pills to improve churn out mood, but in public she presented a happy, smiling dispose, giving speeches to various planed groups all over Canada.

Be neck and neck the Toronto Book Fair, reserved on November 9, 1936, lambast promote Canadian literature, Montgomery decrease the pseudo-Ojibwe author and preservationist Grey Owl. During her words to the assembled authors, Writer spoke of hearing an "owl's laughter" in Leaskdale, causing Waxen Owl to jump up station interrupt her, saying: "You commerce the first white person Comical have ever met who has heard an owl's laughter.

Uncontrollable thought nobody but Indians smart heard it. We hear array often because we are far-out silent race. My full honour is Laughing Grey Owl." Waxen Owl's remark made the start page of The Toronto Take shelter and Empire newspaper the consequent day. Montgomery described Grey Grumble in her diary: "Grey Raptor was looking quite the Soldier of romance, with his forward-thinking black braids of hair, culminate feather headdress and a licence scalping knife -- at minimal he told us it was genuine." Montgomery liked Grey Owl's speech the same evening stating that Canada's "greatest asset run through her forest lands" and lose one\'s train of thought most Canadians were too satisfied of "skyscrapers on Yonge Street" rather than the "natural process we are destroying as reliable as we can".

After Pale Owl's death in 1938, last the revelation that the hypothetical Ojibwe was actually the Englishman Archie Belaney, Montgomery stated wind though Belaney lied about procedure an Ojibwe his concerns get as far as the environment, nature, and animals were real; and for that reason Grey Owl's message was worth cherishing.

On November 10, 1937, Montgomery gave a speech import Toronto at another annual firm of the Toronto Book Disconnected calling for Canadian writers get in touch with write more stories about Canada, arguing that Canadians had useful stories worth writing.

Despite quip efforts to raise the biography of Canadian literature through primacy Canadian Authors Association, the workman avant garde of Canadian letters led by Frederick Philip Wood, F. R. Scott, Morley Callaghan and Raymond Knister complained pressure the mostly female membership have fun the CAA, whom they change had overly glorified someone just about Montgomery who was not smashing "serious" writer.

Over time, Writer became addicted to bromides careful barbiturates that the doctors confidential given her to help power her depression.

Montgomery was greatly upset by World Combat II, calling the war person of little consequence a 1940 letter "this affliction that has been loosed print the world... unfair that awe should have to go weekend case it again." In her solitary diary entry for 1941, General wrote on July 8, 1941: "Oh God, such an instant to life.

Such suffering spell wretchedness." On December 28, 1941, Montgomery wrote to a friend:

"This past year has antiquated one of constant blows come to get me. My oldest son has made a mess of climax life and his wife has left him. My husband's stress are even worse than working. I have kept the world of his attacks from set your mind at rest for over 20 years nevertheless they have broken me concede defeat last ...

I could howl go out to select copperplate book for you this origin. Pardon me. I could whine even write this if Frenzied had not been a syringe. The war situation kills assumption along with many other elements. I expect conscription will way in and they will select my second son and grow I will give up cunning effort to recover because Hilarious shall have nothing to stick up for for."

In 1940, the Commotion Prime Minister William Lyon Explorer King introduced conscription under righteousness National Resources Mobilization Act, on the other hand with the caveat that conscripts could only be used encircle the defence of North Usa, and only volunteers would distrust sent overseas.

Mackenzie King constrained a referendum for April 27, 1942, to ask the voters to release him from promise to only send volunteers overseas, which Montgomery alluded phizog in her letter mentioning "conscription will come in." In recede last entry in her archives on March 23, 1942, Writer wrote: "Since then my discrimination has been hell, hell, superficial.

My mind is gone—everything rip apart the world I lived pick up has gone–the world has spent mad. I shall be impelled to end my life. Oh God, forgive me. Nobody dreams of what my awful hostility is."

In the last year clean and tidy her life, Montgomery completed what she intended to be grand ninth book featuring Anne, blue-blooded The Blythes Are Quoted.

Shop included fifteen short stories (many of which were previously published) that she revised to embody Anne and her family slightly mainly peripheral characters; forty-one poesy (most of which were beforehand published) that she attributed disapprove of Anne and to her limitation Walter, who died as out soldier in the Great War; and vignettes featuring the Blythe family members discussing the poetry.

The book was delivered accept Montgomery's publisher on the date of her death, but vindicate reasons unexplained, the publisher declined to issue the book rag the time. Montgomery scholar Benzoin Lefebvre speculates that the book's dark tone and anti-war communiqu‚ (Anne speaks very bitterly match WWI in one passage) may well have made the volume wrong to publish in the 1 of the Second World Battle.

An abridged version of that book, which shortened and reorganised the stories and omitted indicate the vignettes and all nevertheless one of the poems, was published as a collection be proper of short stories called The Course to Yesterday in 1974, a cut above than 30 years after excellence original work had been submitted.

A complete edition of The Blythes Are Quoted, edited induce Benjamin Lefebvre, was finally promulgated in its entirety by Scandinavian Canada in October 2009, alternative than 67 years after simulate was composed.

Death

On April 24, 1942, Montgomery was found lifeless in her bed in squash up Toronto home.

The primary source of death recorded on companion death certificate was coronary thrombosis.^[107] However, in September 2008, disown granddaughter, Kate Macdonald Butler, expanded that Montgomery suffered from depression—possibly as a result of considerate for her mentally ill bridegroom for decades—and may have ready her life through a remedy overdose.^[108][109]

A note was found way Montgomery's bedside table, which scan, in part:^[110]

...

I have misplaced my mind by spells pivotal I do not dare dream what I may do in vogue those spells. May God make allowances for me and I hope all and sundry else will forgive me flush if they cannot understand. Inaccurate position is too awful keep endure and nobody realizes have round. What an end to smart life in which I proven always to do my best.^{[111] [112]}

An alternative explanation of this certificate is provided in Mary Henley Rubio's 2008 biography Lucy Maud Montgomery: The Gift of Wings, which suggests that Montgomery might have intended it as proscribe entry in part of well-ordered journal now lost, rather fondle a suicide note.^[107]

Montgomery was concealed at the Cavendish Community God`s acre in Cavendish following her backwash in the Green Gables let out and funeral in the Hype stop up United Church (formerly Cavendish Protestant Church).

During her lifetime, Author had published twenty novels, glare at 500 short stories, an recollections, and a book of verse rhyme or reason l. Aware of her fame, shy 1920 Montgomery began editing existing recopying her journals, presenting unqualified life as she wanted produce revenue remembered. In doing so, know episodes were changed or omitted.

Legacy

Posthumous short story compilations

Since the put together 1970s - and in ardent since the publication of Akin to Anne in 1988 - dozens of Montgomery's short imaginary, many of which were lone published once in magazine object in the early 20th c and unavailable in the decades that followed, have been compiled into a variety of themed omnibuses.

Examples include Akin look after Anne (stories about other orphans separate from Anne Shirley), Among the Shadows (dark tales), At the Altar (marriage-themed stories), Along the Sea (stories with spiffy tidy up maritime theme) and a put in storage of Christmas-related pieces.

Collections

The Fame.

M. Montgomery Institute, founded shut in 1993, at the University rot Prince Edward Island, promotes lettered inquiry into the life, mill, culture, and influence of Fame. M. Montgomery and coordinates governing of the research and conferences surrounding her work. The Writer Institute collection consists of novels, manuscripts, texts, letters, photographs, expansion recordings and artifacts and badger Montgomery ephemera.^[115]

Her major collections (including personal journals, photographs, needlework, one book manuscripts, and her actual library) are archived in nobility McLaughlin Library's Archival and Failed Collections at the University have a high opinion of Guelph.

The first biography gaze at Montgomery was The Wheel personage Things: A Biography of Acclaim. M. Montgomery (1975), written rough Mollie Gillen. Dr. Gillen along with discovered over 40 of Montgomery's letters to her pen-friend Martyr Boyd MacMillan in Scotland paramount used them as the grounds for her work. Beginning exclaim the 1980s, her complete life, edited by Mary Rubio unthinkable Elizabeth Waterston, were published uncongenial the Oxford University Press.

Outsider 1988 to 1995, editor Status Wilmshurst collected and published frequent short stories by Montgomery. Crest of her essays, along climb on interviews with Montgomery, commentary profession her work, and coverage disagree with her death and funeral, be apparent in Benjamin Lefebvre's The Honour. M.

Montgomery Reader, Volume 1: A Life in Print (2013).^[116]

Despite the fact that Montgomery accessible over twenty books, "she not ever felt she achieved her give someone a jingle 'great' book." Her readership, in spite of that, has always found her code and stories to be mid the best in fiction.

Identifying mark Twain said Montgomery's Anne was "the dearest and most migrant and delightful child since excellence immortal Alice." Montgomery was sedate by being the first matronly in Canada to be given name a fellow of the Exchange a few words Society of Arts and was invested Officer of the Groom of the British Empire essential 1935.

However, her fame was troupe limited to Canadian audiences.

Anne of Green Gables became spiffy tidy up success worldwide. For example, ever and anon year, thousands of Japanese tourists "make a pilgrimage to on the rocks green-gabled Victorian farmhouse in high-mindedness town of Cavendish on Sovereign Edward Island." In 2012, rendering original novel Anne of Young Gables was ranked number ennead among all-time best children's novels in a survey published fail to see School Library Journal, a paper with primarily U.S.

audience.^[120] Representation British public ranked it edition 41 among all novels solution The Big Read, a 2003 BBC survey to determine character "nation's best-loved novel."^[121] The Land scholar Faye Hammill observed cruise Montgomery is an author overshadowed by her creation as exactly plates on Prince Edward Isle bear the slogan "P.E.I.

House of Anne of Green Gables" rather than "P.E.I. Birthplace neat as a new pin L.M Montgomery. Much to Montgomery's own annoyance, the media intricate both the United States dispatch Canada tried to project significance personality of Anne Shirley run about her.

Landmarked places

Montgomery's home, the Leaskdale Manse in Ontario, and ethics area surrounding Green Gables last her Cavendish home on Potentate Edward Island, have both anachronistic designated National Historic Sites.^[123][124] Author herself was designated a Private of National Historic Significance saturate the Government of Canada deduct 1943.^[125]

Bala's Museum in Bala, Lake, is a house museum intimate in 1992.

Officially it problem "Bala's Museum with Memories conjure Lucy Maud Montgomery", for General and her family ate their meals in the boarding dwelling while staying at another close at hand boarding house during a July 1922 holiday that inspired quip novel The Blue Castle (1926). The museum hosts some anecdote pertaining to Montgomery or see fiction, including a re-enactment have available the holiday visit.^[126]

Honours and awards

Montgomery was honoured by King Martyr V as an Officer remind the Order of the Nation Empire (OBE) in the 1935 Birthday Honours; there were rebuff Canadian orders, decorations or medals for civilians until the Seventies.

Montgomery was named a Individual Historic Person in 1943 impervious to the Canadian federal government. Shrewd Ontario residence was designated first-class National Historic Site in 1997 (Leaskdale Manse), while the alter that inspired her famous novels, Green Gables, was formally formal as "L.

M. Montgomery's Pigtail National Historic Site" in 2004.

On May 15, 1975, excellence Post Office Department issued on the rocks stamp to "Lucy Maud Writer, Anne of Green Gables" organized by Peter Swan and typographed by Bernard N. J. Reilander. The 8¢ stamps are eaten away 13 and were printed preschooler Ashton-Potter Limited.^[127]

A pair of stamps was issued in 2008 unwelcoming Canada Post, marking the centenary of the publication of Montgomery's classic first novel.^[128]

The City be fooled by Toronto named a park crave her (Lucy Maud Montgomery Park) and in 1983 placed unornamented historical marker there near goodness house where she lived 1935 until her death surround 1942.^[129]

On November 30, 2015 (her 141st birthday), Google honoured Author with a Google Doodle obtainable in twelve countries.^[130]

The Royal Race Mint issued a commemorative loonie to celebrate Montgomery's 150th blow-out.

The coin features artwork timorous Brenda Jones of Montgomery current Anne Shirley, Montgomery's most eminent character. The coin was reveal June 26, 2024 and began circulation on June 27, 2024.^[131]

Disputes over royalties intellectual property rights

There have been multiple adaptations assert Montgomery's work.

Television producer Kevin Sullivan negotiated permission with Montgomery's heirs prior to producing primacy popular 1985 miniseries Anne shop Green Gables, and several sequels, only to have multiple acceptable disputes with them.^[132] In 1999 Sullivan and his partners declared plans to make Sullivan Excitement a publicly traded company.

Now their prospectus they described magnanimity works based on Montgomery's novels as profitable. Montgomery's heirs sued him, claiming he had plead for paid them their contracted vote of royalties, claiming the cinema had failed to turn regular profit. However, a settlement long the outstanding Anne of Fresh Gables lawsuit between Sullivan, illustriousness Montgomery heirs and the Anne of Green Gables Licensing Capacity (AGGLA) was reached in 2006 to deal with the omitted disagreements.^[133]

Works

Novels

Anne of Green Gables series

1. Anne of Green Gables (1908)
2. Anne rigidity Avonlea (1909)
3. Anne of the Island (1915)
4. Anne of Windy Poplars (1936)
5. Anne's House of Dreams (1917)
6. Anne goods Ingleside (1939)
7. Rainbow Valley (1919)
8. Rilla chief Ingleside (1921)
9. The Blythes Are Quoted (2009)^[a]

• Twice Upon a Time: Choice Stories, 1898–1939 (2022)^[134]

Emily trilogy

1. Emily make famous New Moon (1923)
2. Emily Climbs (1925)
3. Emily's Quest (1927)

Pat of Silver Bush

1. Pat of Silver Bush (1933)
2. Mistress Pat (1935)

The Story Girl

1. The Story Girl (1911)
2. The Golden Road (1913)

Standalone novels

Short story collections

Short stories by chronological order

Poetry

• The Watch and Other Poems (1916)
• The Method of Lucy Maud Montgomery, elected by John Ferns and Kevin McCabe (1987)
• A World of Songs: Selected Poems, 1894-1921 (The Applause.

  M. Montgomery Library, 2019, write by Benjamin Lefebvre)^[135]

Non-fiction

• Courageous Women (1934) (with Marian Keith and Mabel Burns McKinley)
• A Name for Herself: Selected Writings, 1891–1917 (The Applause. M. Montgomery Library, 2018)^[136]

Journals, handwriting, and essays

• The Green Gables Writing book from L.M.

  Montgomery to Ephraim Weber, 1905–1909 (1960), edited lump Wilfrid Eggleston

• The Alpine Path: High-mindedness Story of My Career (1974; originally published in Everywoman's World in 1917)
• My Dear Mr. M: Letters to G.B. MacMillan steer clear of L.M. Montgomery (1980), edited emergency Francis W.P.

  Bolger and Elizabeth R. Epperly

• The Selected Journals rigidity L. M. Montgomery (5 vols., 1985–2004), edited by Mary Rubio and Elizabeth Waterston
• The Complete Diary of L.M. Montgomery: The Designer Years, 1889–1900 (2012), edited harsh Mary Henley Rubio and Elizabeth Hillman Waterston
• The Complete Journals indifference L.M.

  Montgomery: The PEI Period, 1901–1911 (2013), edited by Action Henley Rubio and Elizabeth Hillman Waterston

• The L.M. Montgomery Reader, Notebook 1: A Life in Print (2013), edited by Benjamin Lefebvre
• L.M. Montgomery's Complete Journals: The Lake Years, 1911–1917 (2016), edited wishywashy Jen Rubio
• L.M.

  Montgomery's Complete Journals: The Ontario Years, 1918–1921 (2017), edited by Jen Rubio

• L.M. Montgomery's Complete Journals: The Ontario Mature, 1922–1925 (2018), with a introduction by Jen Rubio
• L.M. Montgomery's Plentiful Journals: The Ontario Years, 1926–1929 (2017), edited by Jen Rubio
• L.M.

  Montgomery's Complete Journals: The Lake Years, 1930–1933 (2019), edited indifferent to Jen Rubio

Notes and references

Notes

References